import subprocess
cmd = "nameOfCProgram.c"
# Example
# cmd = HelloWorld.c
print ("Hey this is Python Script Running\n")
subprocess.call(["gcc",cmd]) #For Compiling
subprocess.call("./a.out")
#end thats all
The C Code
// DO KEEP BOTH PROGRAMS IN SAME LOCATION
// HelloWorld.c
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("Hello World\n");
printf("This C program Running\n");
return 0;
}
Login the RPI.
Copy this url.
Use this command to complete.
“My GPIO-connected UART device is broken on Pi 3, why?
The mini-uart is now routed to GPIO14/15 as the PL011 UART is now used for bluetooth communications. The mini-uart doesn’t have a separate clock divisor and uses the core clock frequency. Changes in core clock (e.g. through throttling or idle/load frequency changes) will result in arbitrary modification of the effective baud rate. There’s no easy way around this, but as a workaround there is a pi3-disable-bt devicetree overlay in latest rpi-update firmware which reverts this change.”
We will show you the operations in the next steps.
Connect the LoRa/GPS HAT to Rpi, use built-in patch GPS antenna.
First we need to download and install a new device tree overlay.
The Raspberry Pi Engineer PhillE (forum username) has kindly made a custom overlay called pi3-miniuart-bt-overlay.dtb to remap the UART ports and this needs to be copied into the /boot/overlays folder on the SD card and we also copied it into the root / pi3-miniuart-bt-overlay.dtb of the card as well.
We have made a copy of the new boot overlay available to download from here and it will also be included in a future Raspbian Linux release. We have archived the overlay in zip format and it will need to be uncompressed and copied to your SD card.
Next we need to edit the /boot/config.txt file, open the file either on your desktop computer or using the Raspberry Pi via SSH
sudo nano /boot/config.txt
You need to add the following lines:
dtparam=spi=on dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt-overlay core_freq=250 enable_uart=1 force_turbo=1
Then use Ctrl+O to save changes and use Ctrl+X to exit.
edit /boot/config.txt
Now edit /boot/cmdline.txt.
sudo nano /boot/cmdline.txt
Change the file to the following:
dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=tty1 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline fsck.repair=yes rootwait
Exit and save your changes
If you have edited the cmdline.txt and config.txt files on your desktop put the SD card back in your Raspberry Pi 3 and boot to either a network SSH session or desktop and run the following in a shell window.
If you want to disable the built in bluetooth you need to stop hciattach trying to use the modem via uart0 which will disable the relevant systemd service
sudo systemctl disable hciuart
Now edit /lib/systemd/system/hciuart.server and replace ttyAMA0 with ttyS0 .
sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/hciuart.service
Replace “After=dev-serial1.device” with “After=dev-ttyS0.device”
Exit and save your changes
edit /lib/systemd/system/hciuart.server
You need to update the operating system with the latest patches with:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo reboot
Once your Raspberry Pi 3 has rebooted you should now have access to the serial console via the GPIO header at 9600 baud.
If you just want to do a quick check to see what data is coming out of the GPS, you can enter the following command, following by CTRL+C to quit:
sudo cat /dev/ttyS0
cat /dev/ttyS0
Run the following two commands to stop and disable the tty service:
sudo systemctl stop serial-getty@ttyS0.service sudo systemctl disable serial-getty@ttyS0.service
sudo shutdown -r now
You can always just read that raw data, but its much nicer if you can have some Linux software prettify it. We’ll try out gpsd which is a GPS-handling Daemon (background-helper)
To install gpsd, make sure your Pi has an Internet connection and run the following commands from the console:
sudo apt-get install gpsd gpsd-clients python-gps
Raspbian Jessie systemd service fix
Note if you’re using the Raspbian Jessie or later release you’ll need to disable a systemd service that gpsd installs. This service has systemd listen on a local socket and run gpsd when clients connect to it, however it will also interfere with other gpsd instances that are manually run (like in this guide). You will need to disable the gpsd systemd service by running the following commands:
sudo systemctl stop gpsd.socket sudo systemctl disable gpsd.socket
Should you ever want to enable the default gpsd systemd service you can run these commands to restore it (but remember the rest of the steps in this guide won’t work!):
sudo systemctl enable gpsd.socket sudo systemctl start gpsd.socket
After disabling the gpsd systemd service above you’re ready to try running gpsd manually.
GPSD needs to be started up, using the following command:
sudo gpsd /dev/ttyS0 -F /var/run/gpsd.sock
Now GPS doesn’t work indoors – as it needs a clear view of the sky so for this I’ve placed the PI on the window sill. Next I ssh into the pi and run cgps. There is a simple GPS client which you can run to test everything is working:
cgps -s
The -s flag is there to tell the command not to write raw data to the screen as well as the processed data.
It may take a few seconds for data to come through, but you should see a screen like this:
cgps-s
If you have any problems and cgps always displays ‘NO FIX’ under status and then aborts after a few seconds, you may need to restart the gpsd service. You can do that via the following commands:
sudo killall gpsd sudo gpsd /dev/ttyS0 -F /var/run/gpsd.sock
If here still shows ‘GPS timeout’ or ‘NO FIX’,edit /etc/default/gpsd as below:
sudo nano /etc/default/gpsd
change it to look like this
# Default settings for gpsd. # Please do not edit this file directly - use `dpkg-reconfigure gpsd' to # change the options. START_DAEMON="true" GPSD_OPTIONS="-n" DEVICES="/dev/ttyS0" USBAUTO="false" GPSD_SOCKET="/var/run/gpsd.sock"
Then reboot. CGPS should work then.
NOTE:If the GPS receiver is new, or has not been used for some time, it may need a few minutes or so to receive a current almanac.You need 3 GPS satellites for a 2D fix (i.e. no height) or 4 satellites for a 3D fix. Once fixed,the LED ‘3D_FIX’ will blink.
You can view http://www.catb.org/gpsd/ to get more info about gpsd.You can also try to use the following command:
* cgps
cgps and gpspipe should both just show curated data in the same way as your cat command did.
Try running gpsmon to get a live-streaming update of GPS data!
* gpsmon
The gpsmon real-time packet monitor and diagnostic tool. (This replaces the sirfmon tool in older versions.)
# Draw a Koch snowflake
from turtle import *
def koch(a, order):
if order > 0:
for t in [60, -120, 60, 0]:
forward(a/3)
left(t)
else:
forward(a)
# Test
koch(100, 0)
pensize(3)
koch(100, 1)
Now, we make a small change to the function koch:
for t in [60, -120, 60, 0]:
koch(a/3, order-1)
left(t)
Completed code:
# Choose colours and size
color("sky blue", "white")
bgcolor("black")
size = 400
order = 0
# Ensure snowflake is centred
penup()
backward(size/1.732)
left(30)
pendown()
# Make it fast
tracer(100)
hideturtle()
begin_fill()
# Three Koch curves
for i in range(3):
koch(size, order)
right(120)
end_fill()
# Make the last parts appear
update()
https://learn.adafruit.com/getting-started-with-rtl-sdr-and-sdr-sharp
# Wormy (a Nibbles clone)
# By Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com
# http://inventwithpython.com/pygame
# Released under a "Simplified BSD" license
import random, pygame, sys
from pygame.locals import *
FPS = 15
WINDOWWIDTH = 640
WINDOWHEIGHT = 480
CELLSIZE = 20
assert WINDOWWIDTH % CELLSIZE == 0, "Window width must be a multiple of cell size."
assert WINDOWHEIGHT % CELLSIZE == 0, "Window height must be a multiple of cell size."
CELLWIDTH = int(WINDOWWIDTH / CELLSIZE)
CELLHEIGHT = int(WINDOWHEIGHT / CELLSIZE)
# R G B
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = ( 0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = ( 0, 255, 0)
DARKGREEN = ( 0, 155, 0)
DARKGRAY = ( 40, 40, 40)
BGCOLOR = BLACK
UP = 'up'
DOWN = 'down'
LEFT = 'left'
RIGHT = 'right'
HEAD = 0 # syntactic sugar: index of the worm's head
def main():
global FPSCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, BASICFONT
pygame.init()
FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT))
BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 18)
pygame.display.set_caption('Wormy')
showStartScreen()
while True:
runGame()
showGameOverScreen()
def runGame():
# Set a random start point.
startx = random.randint(5, CELLWIDTH - 6)
starty = random.randint(5, CELLHEIGHT - 6)
wormCoords = [{'x': startx, 'y': starty},
{'x': startx - 1, 'y': starty},
{'x': startx - 2, 'y': starty}]
direction = RIGHT
# Start the apple in a random place.
apple = getRandomLocation()
while True: # main game loop
for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loop
if event.type == QUIT:
terminate()
elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
if (event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a) and direction != RIGHT:
direction = LEFT
elif (event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d) and direction != LEFT:
direction = RIGHT
elif (event.key == K_UP or event.key == K_w) and direction != DOWN:
direction = UP
elif (event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s) and direction != UP:
direction = DOWN
elif event.key == K_ESCAPE:
terminate()
# check if the worm has hit itself or the edge
if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == CELLWIDTH or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == CELLHEIGHT:
return # game over
for wormBody in wormCoords[1:]:
if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['y']:
return # game over
# check if worm has eaten an apply
if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == apple['x'] and wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == apple['y']:
# don't remove worm's tail segment
apple = getRandomLocation() # set a new apple somewhere
else:
del wormCoords[-1] # remove worm's tail segment
# move the worm by adding a segment in the direction it is moving
if direction == UP:
newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'], 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] - 1}
elif direction == DOWN:
newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'], 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] + 1}
elif direction == LEFT:
newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] - 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
elif direction == RIGHT:
newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] + 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
wormCoords.insert(0, newHead)
DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
drawGrid()
drawWorm(wormCoords)
drawApple(apple)
drawScore(len(wormCoords) - 3)
pygame.display.update()
FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS)
def drawPressKeyMsg():
pressKeySurf = BASICFONT.render('Press a key to play.', True, DARKGRAY)
pressKeyRect = pressKeySurf.get_rect()
pressKeyRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 200, WINDOWHEIGHT - 30)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect)
def checkForKeyPress():
if len(pygame.event.get(QUIT)) > 0:
terminate()
keyUpEvents = pygame.event.get(KEYUP)
if len(keyUpEvents) == 0:
return None
if keyUpEvents[0].key == K_ESCAPE:
terminate()
return keyUpEvents[0].key
def showStartScreen():
titleFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
titleSurf1 = titleFont.render('Wormy!', True, WHITE, DARKGREEN)
titleSurf2 = titleFont.render('Wormy!', True, GREEN)
degrees1 = 0
degrees2 = 0
while True:
DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
rotatedSurf1 = pygame.transform.rotate(titleSurf1, degrees1)
rotatedRect1 = rotatedSurf1.get_rect()
rotatedRect1.center = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, WINDOWHEIGHT / 2)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(rotatedSurf1, rotatedRect1)
rotatedSurf2 = pygame.transform.rotate(titleSurf2, degrees2)
rotatedRect2 = rotatedSurf2.get_rect()
rotatedRect2.center = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, WINDOWHEIGHT / 2)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(rotatedSurf2, rotatedRect2)
drawPressKeyMsg()
if checkForKeyPress():
pygame.event.get() # clear event queue
return
pygame.display.update()
FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS)
degrees1 += 3 # rotate by 3 degrees each frame
degrees2 += 7 # rotate by 7 degrees each frame
def terminate():
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
def getRandomLocation():
return {'x': random.randint(0, CELLWIDTH - 1), 'y': random.randint(0, CELLHEIGHT - 1)}
def showGameOverScreen():
gameOverFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 150)
gameSurf = gameOverFont.render('Game', True, WHITE)
overSurf = gameOverFont.render('Over', True, WHITE)
gameRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
overRect = overSurf.get_rect()
gameRect.midtop = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, 10)
overRect.midtop = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, gameRect.height + 10 + 25)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(gameSurf, gameRect)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(overSurf, overRect)
drawPressKeyMsg()
pygame.display.update()
pygame.time.wait(500)
checkForKeyPress() # clear out any key presses in the event queue
while True:
if checkForKeyPress():
pygame.event.get() # clear event queue
return
def drawScore(score):
scoreSurf = BASICFONT.render('Score: %s' % (score), True, WHITE)
scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()
scoreRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 120, 10)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect)
def drawWorm(wormCoords):
for coord in wormCoords:
x = coord['x'] * CELLSIZE
y = coord['y'] * CELLSIZE
wormSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, CELLSIZE, CELLSIZE)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGREEN, wormSegmentRect)
wormInnerSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x + 4, y + 4, CELLSIZE - 8, CELLSIZE - 8)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, GREEN, wormInnerSegmentRect)
def drawApple(coord):
x = coord['x'] * CELLSIZE
y = coord['y'] * CELLSIZE
appleRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, CELLSIZE, CELLSIZE)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, RED, appleRect)
def drawGrid():
for x in range(0, WINDOWWIDTH, CELLSIZE): # draw vertical lines
pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (x, 0), (x, WINDOWHEIGHT))
for y in range(0, WINDOWHEIGHT, CELLSIZE): # draw horizontal lines
pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (0, y), (WINDOWWIDTH, y))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
thanks to Zero Gravity (formerly Da Porg).
# Wormy (a Nibbles clone)
# By Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com
# http://inventwithpython.com/pygame
# Released under a "Simplified BSD" license
import random, pygame, sys
from pygame.locals import *
WINNER = 0
FPS = 10
WINDOWWIDTH = 660 #1280
WINDOWHEIGHT = 600
CELLSIZE = 30
assert WINDOWWIDTH % CELLSIZE == 0, "Window width must be a multiple of cell size."
assert WINDOWHEIGHT % CELLSIZE == 0, "Window height must be a multiple of cell size."
CELLWIDTH = int(WINDOWWIDTH / CELLSIZE)
CELLHEIGHT = int(WINDOWHEIGHT / CELLSIZE)
# R G B
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = ( 0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = ( 0, 255, 0)
DARKGREEN = ( 0, 155, 0)
DARKGRAY = ( 40, 40, 40)
GOLDENYELLOW = (255, 223, 0)
VENOMGREEN = (158, 242, 130)
BGCOLOR = BLACK
APPLETYPE = ['normal', 'venom']
APPLECOLOR = ['RED','VENOMGREEN']
UP = 'up'
DOWN = 'down'
LEFT = 'left'
RIGHT = 'right'
HEAD = 0 # syntactic sugar: index of the worm's head
def main():
global FPSCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, BASICFONT, WINNER
pygame.init()
FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT))
BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 18)
pygame.display.set_caption('Wormy')
showStartScreen()
while True:
runGame()
showWINNERscreen(WINNER)
def runGame():
global WINNER
# Set a random start point.
appletype = 'normal'
startx = random.randint(5, CELLWIDTH - 6)
starty = random.randint(5, CELLHEIGHT - 6)
startx2 = random.randint(5, CELLWIDTH -6)
starty2 = random.randint(5, CELLHEIGHT - 6)
wormCoords = [{'x': startx, 'y': starty},
{'x': startx - 1, 'y': starty},
{'x': startx - 2, 'y': starty}]
wormCoords2 = [{'x': startx2, 'y': starty2},
{'x': startx2 + 1, 'y': starty2},
{'x': startx2 + 2, 'y': starty2}]
direction = RIGHT
direction2 = LEFT
# Start the apple in a random place.
apple = getRandomLocation()
while True: # main game loop
for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loop
if event.type == QUIT:
terminate()
elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
if (event.key == K_LEFT) and direction != RIGHT:
direction = LEFT
elif (event.key == K_a) and direction2 != RIGHT:
direction2 = LEFT
elif (event.key == K_RIGHT) and direction != LEFT:
direction = RIGHT
elif (event.key == K_d) and direction2 != LEFT:
direction2 = RIGHT
elif (event.key == K_UP) and direction != DOWN:
direction = UP
elif (event.key == K_w) and direction2 != DOWN:
direction2 = UP
elif (event.key == K_DOWN) and direction != UP:
direction = DOWN
elif (event.key == K_s) and direction2 != UP:
direction2 = DOWN
elif event.key == K_ESCAPE:
terminate()
# check if the worm has hit the edge
if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == CELLWIDTH:
wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] = wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] %CELLWIDTH
if wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == CELLHEIGHT:
wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] = wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] %CELLHEIGHT
# check if worm2 has hit the edge
if wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'] == -1 or wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'] == CELLWIDTH:
wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'] = wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'] %CELLWIDTH
if wormCoords2[HEAD]['y'] == -1 or wormCoords2[HEAD]['y'] == CELLHEIGHT:
wormCoords2[HEAD]['y'] = wormCoords2[HEAD]['y'] %CELLHEIGHT
#return # game over
#if worm1 hits itself
for wormBody in wormCoords[1:]:
if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['y']:
WINNER = 2
return # game over
#if worm2 hits itself
for wormBody in wormCoords2[1:]:
if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords2[HEAD]['y']:
WINNER = 1
return # game over
#if worm1 hits worm2
for wormBody in wormCoords2[1:]:
if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['y']:
WINNER = 2
return # game over
#if worm2 hits worm1
for wormBody in wormCoords[1:]:
if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords2[HEAD]['y']:
WINNER = 1
return # game over
# check if worm has eaten an apple
if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == apple['x'] and wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == apple['y']:
# don't remove worm's tail segment
apple = getRandomLocation() # set a new apple somewhere
appletype = getRandomAppleType()
else:
del wormCoords[-1] # remove worm's tail segment
# check if worm2 has eaten an apple
if wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'] == apple['x'] and wormCoords2[HEAD]['y'] == apple['y']:
# don't remove worm's tail segment
apple = getRandomLocation()# set a new apple somewhere
appletype = getRandomAppleType()#set a new apple type
else:
del wormCoords2[-1] # remove worm 2's tail segment
# move the worm by adding a segment in the direction it is moving
if direction == UP:
newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'], 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] - 1}
elif direction == DOWN:
newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'], 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] + 1}
elif direction == LEFT:
newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] - 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
elif direction == RIGHT:
newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] + 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
wormCoords.insert(0, newHead)
if direction2 == UP:
newHead2 = {'x': wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'], 'y': wormCoords2[HEAD]['y'] - 1}
elif direction2 == DOWN:
newHead2 = {'x': wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'], 'y': wormCoords2[HEAD]['y'] + 1}
elif direction2 == LEFT:
newHead2 = {'x': wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'] - 1, 'y': wormCoords2[HEAD]['y']}
elif direction2 == RIGHT:
newHead2 = {'x': wormCoords2[HEAD]['x'] + 1, 'y': wormCoords2[HEAD]['y']}
wormCoords2.insert(0, newHead2)
DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
drawGrid()
drawWorm(wormCoords, GOLDENYELLOW)
drawWorm(wormCoords2, GREEN)
drawApple(apple, appletype)
drawScore(len(wormCoords) - 3, GOLDENYELLOW, WINDOWWIDTH -120)
drawScore(len(wormCoords2) - 3, GREEN, 120)
pygame.display.update()
FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS)
def drawPressKeyMsg():
pressKeySurf = BASICFONT.render('Press a key to play.', True, DARKGRAY)
pressKeyRect = pressKeySurf.get_rect()
pressKeyRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 200, WINDOWHEIGHT - 30)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect)
def checkForKeyPress():
if len(pygame.event.get(QUIT)) > 0:
terminate()
keyUpEvents = pygame.event.get(KEYUP)
if len(keyUpEvents) == 0:
return None
if keyUpEvents[0].key == K_ESCAPE:
terminate()
return keyUpEvents[0].key
def showStartScreen():
titleFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
titleSurf1 = titleFont.render('Wormy!', True, WHITE, DARKGREEN)
titleSurf2 = titleFont.render('Wormy!', True, GREEN)
degrees1 = 0
degrees2 = 0
while True:
DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
rotatedSurf1 = pygame.transform.rotate(titleSurf1, degrees1)
rotatedRect1 = rotatedSurf1.get_rect()
rotatedRect1.center = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, WINDOWHEIGHT / 2)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(rotatedSurf1, rotatedRect1)
rotatedSurf2 = pygame.transform.rotate(titleSurf2, degrees2)
rotatedRect2 = rotatedSurf2.get_rect()
rotatedRect2.center = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, WINDOWHEIGHT / 2)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(rotatedSurf2, rotatedRect2)
drawPressKeyMsg()
if checkForKeyPress():
pygame.event.get() # clear event queue
return
pygame.display.update()
FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS)
degrees1 += 3 # rotate by 3 degrees each frame
degrees2 += 7 # rotate by 7 degrees each frame
def terminate():
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
def getRandomLocation():
return {'x': random.randint(0, CELLWIDTH - 1), 'y': random.randint(0, CELLHEIGHT - 1)}
def getRandomAppleType():
pick = random.randint(1,5)
if pick == 5:
return APPLETYPE[1]
else:
return APPLETYPE[0]
def showGameOverScreen():
gameOverFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 150)
gameSurf = gameOverFont.render('Game', True, WHITE)
overSurf = gameOverFont.render('Over', True, WHITE)
gameRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
overRect = overSurf.get_rect()
gameRect.midtop = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, 10)
overRect.midtop = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, gameRect.height + 10 + 25)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(gameSurf, gameRect)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(overSurf, overRect)
drawPressKeyMsg()
pygame.display.update()
pygame.time.wait(500)
checkForKeyPress() # clear out any key presses in the event queue
while True:
if checkForKeyPress():
pygame.event.get() # clear event queue
return
def showWINNERscreen(WINNER):
gameOverFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 150)
gameSurf = gameOverFont.render('Winner: ', True, WHITE)
WINNER = str(WINNER)
overSurf = gameOverFont.render('Player '+WINNER, True, WHITE)
gameRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
overRect = overSurf.get_rect()
gameRect.midtop = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, 10)
overRect.midtop = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, gameRect.height + 10 + 25)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(gameSurf, gameRect)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(overSurf, overRect)
drawPressKeyMsg()
pygame.display.update()
pygame.time.wait(500)
checkForKeyPress() # clear out any key presses in the event queue
while True:
if checkForKeyPress():
pygame.event.get() # clear event queue
return
def drawScore(score, color, offset):
scoreSurf = BASICFONT.render('Score: %s' % (score), True, color)
scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()
scoreRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - offset, 10)
DISPLAYSURF.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect)
def drawWorm(wormCoords, wcolor):
for coord in wormCoords:
x = coord['x'] * CELLSIZE
y = coord['y'] * CELLSIZE
wormSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, CELLSIZE, CELLSIZE)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, wcolor, wormSegmentRect)
wormInnerSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x + 4, y + 4, CELLSIZE - 8, CELLSIZE - 8)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, wcolor, wormInnerSegmentRect)
def drawApple(coord, appletype):
x = coord['x'] * CELLSIZE
y = coord['y'] * CELLSIZE
appleRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, CELLSIZE, CELLSIZE)
location = APPLETYPE.index(appletype)
color = APPLECOLOR[location]
color = eval(color)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, color, appleRect)
def drawGrid():
for x in range(0, WINDOWWIDTH, CELLSIZE): # draw vertical lines
pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (x, 0), (x, WINDOWHEIGHT))
for y in range(0, WINDOWHEIGHT, CELLSIZE): # draw horizontal lines
pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (0, y), (WINDOWWIDTH, y))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Taken from this forum post.
Install the necessary software and run the calibration program as follows:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install octave -y
cd
cp /usr/share/librtimulib-utils/RTEllipsoidFit ./ -a
cd RTEllipsoidFit
RTIMULibCalYou will then see this menu:
Options are:
m - calibrate magnetometer with min/max
e - calibrate magnetometer with ellipsoid (do min/max first)
a - calibrate accelerometers
x - exit
Enter option:Press lowercase m. The following message will then show; press any key to start.
Magnetometer min/max calibration
--------------------------------
Waggle the IMU chip around, ensuring that all six axes
(+x, -x, +y, -y and +z, -z) go through their extrema.
When all extrema have been achieved, enter 's' to save, 'r' to reset
or 'x' to abort and discard the data.
Press any key to start...After it starts, you will see something similar to this scrolling up the screen:
Min x: 51.60 min y: 69.39 min z: 65.91
Max x: 53.15 max y: 70.97 max z: 67.97Focus on the two lines at the very bottom of the screen, as these are the most recently posted measurements from the program. Now you have to move the Astro Pi around in every possible way you can think of. It helps if you unplug all non-essential cables to avoid clutter.
Try and get a complete circle in each of the pitch, roll and yaw axes. Take care not to accidentally eject the SD card while doing this. Spend a few minutes moving the Astro Pi, and stop when you find that the numbers are not changing anymore.
Now press lowercase s then lowercase x to exit the program. If you run the ls command now, you’ll see a new RTIMULib.ini file has been created.
In addition to those steps, you can also do the ellipsoid fit by performing the steps above, but pressing e instead of m.
When you’re done, copy the resulting RTIMULib.ini to /etc/ and remove the local copy in ~/.config/sense_hat/:
rm ~/.config/sense_hat/RTIMULib.ini
sudo cp RTIMULib.ini /etcYou are now done.
Original Eliza, Rogerian Psychotherapist.
import re
import random
reflections = {
"am": "are",
"was": "were",
"i": "you",
"i'd": "you would",
"i've": "you have",
"i'll": "you will",
"my": "your",
"are": "am",
"you've": "I have",
"you'll": "I will",
"your": "my",
"yours": "mine",
"you": "me",
"me": "you"
}
psychobabble = [
[r'I need (.*)',
["Why do you need {0}?",
"Would it really help you to get {0}?",
"Are you sure you need {0}?"]],
[r'Why don\'?t you ([^\?]*)\??',
["Do you really think I don't {0}?",
"Perhaps eventually I will {0}.",
"Do you really want me to {0}?"]],
[r'Why can\'?t I ([^\?]*)\??',
["Do you think you should be able to {0}?",
"If you could {0}, what would you do?",
"I don't know -- why can't you {0}?",
"Have you really tried?"]],
[r'I can\'?t (.*)',
["How do you know you can't {0}?",
"Perhaps you could {0} if you tried.",
"What would it take for you to {0}?"]],
[r'I am (.*)',
["Did you come to me because you are {0}?",
"How long have you been {0}?",
"How do you feel about being {0}?"]],
[r'I\'?m (.*)',
["How does being {0} make you feel?",
"Do you enjoy being {0}?",
"Why do you tell me you're {0}?",
"Why do you think you're {0}?"]],
[r'Are you ([^\?]*)\??',
["Why does it matter whether I am {0}?",
"Would you prefer it if I were not {0}?",
"Perhaps you believe I am {0}.",
"I may be {0} -- what do you think?"]],
[r'What (.*)',
["Why do you ask?",
"How would an answer to that help you?",
"What do you think?"]],
[r'How (.*)',
["How do you suppose?",
"Perhaps you can answer your own question.",
"What is it you're really asking?"]],
[r'Because (.*)',
["Is that the real reason?",
"What other reasons come to mind?",
"Does that reason apply to anything else?",
"If {0}, what else must be true?"]],
[r'(.*) sorry (.*)',
["There are many times when no apology is needed.",
"What feelings do you have when you apologize?"]],
[r'Hello(.*)',
["Hello... I'm glad you could drop by today.",
"Hi there... how are you today?",
"Hello, how are you feeling today?"]],
[r'I think (.*)',
["Do you doubt {0}?",
"Do you really think so?",
"But you're not sure {0}?"]],
[r'(.*) friend (.*)',
["Tell me more about your friends.",
"When you think of a friend, what comes to mind?",
"Why don't you tell me about a childhood friend?"]],
[r'Yes',
["You seem quite sure.",
"OK, but can you elaborate a bit?"]],
[r'(.*) computer(.*)',
["Are you really talking about me?",
"Does it seem strange to talk to a computer?",
"How do computers make you feel?",
"Do you feel threatened by computers?"]],
[r'Is it (.*)',
["Do you think it is {0}?",
"Perhaps it's {0} -- what do you think?",
"If it were {0}, what would you do?",
"It could well be that {0}."]],
[r'It is (.*)',
["You seem very certain.",
"If I told you that it probably isn't {0}, what would you feel?"]],
[r'Can you ([^\?]*)\??',
["What makes you think I can't {0}?",
"If I could {0}, then what?",
"Why do you ask if I can {0}?"]],
[r'Can I ([^\?]*)\??',
["Perhaps you don't want to {0}.",
"Do you want to be able to {0}?",
"If you could {0}, would you?"]],
[r'You are (.*)',
["Why do you think I am {0}?",
"Does it please you to think that I'm {0}?",
"Perhaps you would like me to be {0}.",
"Perhaps you're really talking about yourself?"]],
[r'You\'?re (.*)',
["Why do you say I am {0}?",
"Why do you think I am {0}?",
"Are we talking about you, or me?"]],
[r'I don\'?t (.*)',
["Don't you really {0}?",
"Why don't you {0}?",
"Do you want to {0}?"]],
[r'I feel (.*)',
["Good, tell me more about these feelings.",
"Do you often feel {0}?",
"When do you usually feel {0}?",
"When you feel {0}, what do you do?"]],
[r'I have (.*)',
["Why do you tell me that you've {0}?",
"Have you really {0}?",
"Now that you have {0}, what will you do next?"]],
[r'I would (.*)',
["Could you explain why you would {0}?",
"Why would you {0}?",
"Who else knows that you would {0}?"]],
[r'Is there (.*)',
["Do you think there is {0}?",
"It's likely that there is {0}.",
"Would you like there to be {0}?"]],
[r'My (.*)',
["I see, your {0}.",
"Why do you say that your {0}?",
"When your {0}, how do you feel?"]],
[r'You (.*)',
["We should be discussing you, not me.",
"Why do you say that about me?",
"Why do you care whether I {0}?"]],
[r'Why (.*)',
["Why don't you tell me the reason why {0}?",
"Why do you think {0}?"]],
[r'I want (.*)',
["What would it mean to you if you got {0}?",
"Why do you want {0}?",
"What would you do if you got {0}?",
"If you got {0}, then what would you do?"]],
[r'(.*) mother(.*)',
["Tell me more about your mother.",
"What was your relationship with your mother like?",
"How do you feel about your mother?",
"How does this relate to your feelings today?",
"Good family relations are important."]],
[r'(.*) father(.*)',
["Tell me more about your father.",
"How did your father make you feel?",
"How do you feel about your father?",
"Does your relationship with your father relate to your feelings today?",
"Do you have trouble showing affection with your family?"]],
[r'(.*) child(.*)',
["Did you have close friends as a child?",
"What is your favorite childhood memory?",
"Do you remember any dreams or nightmares from childhood?",
"Did the other children sometimes tease you?",
"How do you think your childhood experiences relate to your feelings today?"]],
[r'(.*)\?',
["Why do you ask that?",
"Please consider whether you can answer your own question.",
"Perhaps the answer lies within yourself?",
"Why don't you tell me?"]],
[r'quit',
["Thank you for talking with me.",
"Good-bye.",
"Thank you, that will be $150. Have a good day!"]],
[r'(.*)',
["Please tell me more.",
"Let's change focus a bit... Tell me about your family.",
"Can you elaborate on that?",
"Why do you say that {0}?",
"I see.",
"Very interesting.",
"{0}.",
"I see. And what does that tell you?",
"How does that make you feel?",
"How do you feel when you say that?"]]
]
def reflect(fragment):
tokens = fragment.lower().split()
for i, token in enumerate(tokens):
if token in reflections:
tokens[i] = reflections[token]
return ' '.join(tokens)
def analyze(statement):
for pattern, responses in psychobabble:
match = re.match(pattern, statement.rstrip(".!"))
if match:
response = random.choice(responses)
return response.format(*[reflect(g) for g in match.groups()])
def main():
print("Who. Why are you bothering me today?")
while True:
statement = input('')
print(analyze(statement))
if statement == "quit":
break
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()