Author Archives: admin
Max6675 Thermocouple Arduino Code
#include "Max6675.h"
Max6675 ts(8, 9, 10);
// Max6675 module: SO on pin #8, SS on pin #9, CSK on pin #10 of Arduino UNO
void setup()
{
ts.setOffset(0);
// set offset for temperature measurement.
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
Serial.print(ts.getCelsius(), 2);
Serial.print(" C / ");
Serial.print(ts.getFahrenheit(), 2);
Serial.print(" F / ");
Serial.print(ts.getKelvin(), 2);
Serial.print(" Kn");
Serial.println();
delay(2000);
}
Minmax Tic Tac Toe
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from math import inf as infinity
from random import choice
import platform
import time
from os import system
HUMAN = -1
COMP = +1
board = [
[0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0],
]
def evaluate(state):
"""
Function to heuristic evaluation of state.
:param state: the state of the current board
:return: +1 if the computer wins; -1 if the human wins; 0 draw
"""
if wins(state, COMP):
score = +1
elif wins(state, HUMAN):
score = -1
else:
score = 0
return score
def wins(state, player):
"""
This function tests if a specific player wins. Possibilities:
* Three rows [X X X] or [O O O]
* Three cols [X X X] or [O O O]
* Two diagonals [X X X] or [O O O]
:param state: the state of the current board
:param player: a human or a computer
:return: True if the player wins
"""
win_state = [
[state[0][0], state[0][1], state[0][2]],
[state[1][0], state[1][1], state[1][2]],
[state[2][0], state[2][1], state[2][2]],
[state[0][0], state[1][0], state[2][0]],
[state[0][1], state[1][1], state[2][1]],
[state[0][2], state[1][2], state[2][2]],
[state[0][0], state[1][1], state[2][2]],
[state[2][0], state[1][1], state[0][2]],
]
if [player, player, player] in win_state:
return True
else:
return False
def game_over(state):
"""
This function test if the human or computer wins
:param state: the state of the current board
:return: True if the human or computer wins
"""
return wins(state, HUMAN) or wins(state, COMP)
def empty_cells(state):
"""
Each empty cell will be added into cells' list
:param state: the state of the current board
:return: a list of empty cells
"""
cells = []
for x, row in enumerate(state):
for y, cell in enumerate(row):
if cell == 0:
cells.append([x, y])
return cells
def valid_move(x, y):
"""
A move is valid if the chosen cell is empty
:param x: X coordinate
:param y: Y coordinate
:return: True if the board[x][y] is empty
"""
if [x, y] in empty_cells(board):
return True
else:
return False
def set_move(x, y, player):
"""
Set the move on board, if the coordinates are valid
:param x: X coordinate
:param y: Y coordinate
:param player: the current player
"""
if valid_move(x, y):
board[x][y] = player
return True
else:
return False
def minimax(state, depth, player):
"""
AI function that choice the best move
:param state: current state of the board
:param depth: node index in the tree (0 <= depth <= 9),
but never nine in this case (see iaturn() function)
:param player: an human or a computer
:return: a list with [the best row, best col, best score]
"""
if player == COMP:
best = [-1, -1, -infinity]
else:
best = [-1, -1, +infinity]
if depth == 0 or game_over(state):
score = evaluate(state)
return [-1, -1, score]
for cell in empty_cells(state):
x, y = cell[0], cell[1]
state[x][y] = player
score = minimax(state, depth - 1, -player)
state[x][y] = 0
score[0], score[1] = x, y
if player == COMP:
if score[2] > best[2]:
best = score # max value
else:
if score[2] < best[2]:
best = score # min value
return best
def clean():
"""
Clears the console
"""
os_name = platform.system().lower()
if 'windows' in os_name:
system('cls')
else:
system('clear')
def render(state, c_choice, h_choice):
"""
Print the board on console
:param state: current state of the board
"""
chars = {
-1: h_choice,
+1: c_choice,
0: ' '
}
str_line = '---------------'
print('\n' + str_line)
for row in state:
for cell in row:
symbol = chars[cell]
print(f'| {symbol} |', end='')
print('\n' + str_line)
def ai_turn(c_choice, h_choice):
"""
It calls the minimax function if the depth < 9,
else it choices a random coordinate.
:param c_choice: computer's choice X or O
:param h_choice: human's choice X or O
:return:
"""
depth = len(empty_cells(board))
if depth == 0 or game_over(board):
return
clean()
print(f'Computer turn [{c_choice}]')
render(board, c_choice, h_choice)
if depth == 9:
x = choice([0, 1, 2])
y = choice([0, 1, 2])
else:
move = minimax(board, depth, COMP)
x, y = move[0], move[1]
set_move(x, y, COMP)
time.sleep(1)
def human_turn(c_choice, h_choice):
"""
The Human plays choosing a valid move.
:param c_choice: computer's choice X or O
:param h_choice: human's choice X or O
:return:
"""
depth = len(empty_cells(board))
if depth == 0 or game_over(board):
return
# Dictionary of valid moves
move = -1
moves = {
1: [0, 0], 2: [0, 1], 3: [0, 2],
4: [1, 0], 5: [1, 1], 6: [1, 2],
7: [2, 0], 8: [2, 1], 9: [2, 2],
}
clean()
print(f'Human turn [{h_choice}]')
render(board, c_choice, h_choice)
while move < 1 or move > 9:
try:
move = int(input('Use numpad (1..9): '))
coord = moves[move]
can_move = set_move(coord[0], coord[1], HUMAN)
if not can_move:
print('Bad move')
move = -1
except (EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt):
print('Bye')
exit()
except (KeyError, ValueError):
print('Bad choice')
def main():
"""
Main function that calls all functions
"""
clean()
h_choice = '' # X or O
c_choice = '' # X or O
first = '' # if human is the first
# Human chooses X or O to play
while h_choice != 'O' and h_choice != 'X':
try:
print('')
h_choice = input('Choose X or O\nChosen: ').upper()
except (EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt):
print('Bye')
exit()
except (KeyError, ValueError):
print('Bad choice')
# Setting computer's choice
if h_choice == 'X':
c_choice = 'O'
else:
c_choice = 'X'
# Human may starts first
clean()
while first != 'Y' and first != 'N':
try:
first = input('First to start?[y/n]: ').upper()
except (EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt):
print('Bye')
exit()
except (KeyError, ValueError):
print('Bad choice')
# Main loop of this game
while len(empty_cells(board)) > 0 and not game_over(board):
if first == 'N':
ai_turn(c_choice, h_choice)
first = ''
human_turn(c_choice, h_choice)
ai_turn(c_choice, h_choice)
# Game over message
if wins(board, HUMAN):
clean()
print(f'Human turn [{h_choice}]')
render(board, c_choice, h_choice)
print('YOU WIN!')
elif wins(board, COMP):
clean()
print(f'Computer turn [{c_choice}]')
render(board, c_choice, h_choice)
print('YOU LOSE!')
else:
clean()
render(board, c_choice, h_choice)
print('DRAW!')
exit()
main()
Naive Learning
import itertools
import time
import numpy as np
import cv2
from moviepy.editor import VideoClip
WORLD_HEIGHT = 4
WORLD_WIDTH = 4
WALL_FRAC = .2
NUM_WINS = 5
NUM_LOSE = 10
class GridWorld:
def __init__(self, world_height=3, world_width=4, discount_factor=.5, default_reward=-.5, wall_penalty=-.6,
win_reward=5., lose_reward=-10., viz=True, patch_side=120, grid_thickness=2, arrow_thickness=3,
wall_locs=[[1, 1], [1, 2]], win_locs=[[0, 3]], lose_locs=[[1, 3]], start_loc=[0, 0],
reset_prob=.2):
self.world = np.ones([world_height, world_width]) * default_reward
self.reset_prob = reset_prob
self.world_height = world_height
self.world_width = world_width
self.wall_penalty = wall_penalty
self.win_reward = win_reward
self.lose_reward = lose_reward
self.default_reward = default_reward
self.discount_factor = discount_factor
self.patch_side = patch_side
self.grid_thickness = grid_thickness
self.arrow_thickness = arrow_thickness
self.wall_locs = np.array(wall_locs)
self.win_locs = np.array(win_locs)
self.lose_locs = np.array(lose_locs)
self.at_terminal_state = False
self.auto_reset = True
self.random_respawn = True
self.step = 0
self.viz_canvas = None
self.viz = viz
self.path_color = (128, 128, 128)
self.wall_color = (0, 255, 0)
self.win_color = (0, 0, 255)
self.lose_color = (255, 0, 0)
self.world[self.wall_locs[:, 0], self.wall_locs[:, 1]] = self.wall_penalty
self.world[self.lose_locs[:, 0], self.lose_locs[:, 1]] = self.lose_reward
self.world[self.win_locs[:, 0], self.win_locs[:, 1]] = self.win_reward
spawn_condn = lambda loc: self.world[loc[0], loc[1]] == self.default_reward
self.spawn_locs = np.array([loc for loc in itertools.product(np.arange(self.world_height),
np.arange(self.world_width))
if spawn_condn(loc)])
self.start_state = np.array(start_loc)
self.bot_rc = None
self.reset()
self.actions = [self.up, self.left, self.right, self.down, self.noop]
self.action_labels = ['UP', 'LEFT', 'RIGHT', 'DOWN', 'NOOP']
self.q_values = np.ones([self.world.shape[0], self.world.shape[1], len(self.actions)]) * 1. / len(self.actions)
if self.viz:
self.init_grid_canvas()
self.video_out_fpath = 'shm_dqn_gridsolver-' + str(time.time()) + '.mp4'
self.clip = VideoClip(self.make_frame, duration=15)
def make_frame(self, t):
self.action()
frame = self.highlight_loc(self.viz_canvas, self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1])
return frame
def check_terminal_state(self):
if self.world[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]] == self.lose_reward \
or self.world[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]] == self.win_reward:
self.at_terminal_state = True
# print('------++++---- TERMINAL STATE ------++++----')
# if self.world[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]] == self.win_reward:
# print('GAME WON! :D')
# elif self.world[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]] == self.lose_reward:
# print('GAME LOST! :(')
if self.auto_reset:
self.reset()
def reset(self):
# print('Resetting')
if not self.random_respawn:
self.bot_rc = self.start_state.copy()
else:
self.bot_rc = self.spawn_locs[np.random.choice(np.arange(len(self.spawn_locs)))].copy()
self.at_terminal_state = False
def up(self):
action_idx = 0
# print(self.action_labels[action_idx])
new_r = self.bot_rc[0] - 1
if new_r < 0 or self.world[new_r, self.bot_rc[1]] == self.wall_penalty:
return self.wall_penalty, action_idx
self.bot_rc[0] = new_r
reward = self.world[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]]
self.check_terminal_state()
return reward, action_idx
def left(self):
action_idx = 1
# print(self.action_labels[action_idx])
new_c = self.bot_rc[1] - 1
if new_c < 0 or self.world[self.bot_rc[0], new_c] == self.wall_penalty:
return self.wall_penalty, action_idx
self.bot_rc[1] = new_c
reward = self.world[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]]
self.check_terminal_state()
return reward, action_idx
def right(self):
action_idx = 2
# print(self.action_labels[action_idx])
new_c = self.bot_rc[1] + 1
if new_c >= self.world.shape[1] or self.world[self.bot_rc[0], new_c] == self.wall_penalty:
return self.wall_penalty, action_idx
self.bot_rc[1] = new_c
reward = self.world[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]]
self.check_terminal_state()
return reward, action_idx
def down(self):
action_idx = 3
# print(self.action_labels[action_idx])
new_r = self.bot_rc[0] + 1
if new_r >= self.world.shape[0] or self.world[new_r, self.bot_rc[1]] == self.wall_penalty:
return self.wall_penalty, action_idx
self.bot_rc[0] = new_r
reward = self.world[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]]
self.check_terminal_state()
return reward, action_idx
def noop(self):
action_idx = 4
# print(self.action_labels[action_idx])
reward = self.world[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]]
self.check_terminal_state()
return reward, action_idx
def qvals2probs(self, q_vals, epsilon=1e-4):
action_probs = q_vals - q_vals.min() + epsilon
action_probs = action_probs / action_probs.sum()
return action_probs
def action(self):
# print('================ ACTION =================')
if self.at_terminal_state:
print('At terminal state, please call reset()')
exit()
# print('Start position:', self.bot_rc)
start_bot_rc = self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]
q_vals = self.q_values[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]]
action_probs = self.qvals2probs(q_vals)
reward, action_idx = np.random.choice(self.actions, p=action_probs)()
# print('End position:', self.bot_rc)
# print('Reward:', reward)
alpha = np.exp(-self.step / 10e9)
self.step += 1
qv = (1 - alpha) * q_vals[action_idx] + alpha * (reward + self.discount_factor
* self.q_values[self.bot_rc[0], self.bot_rc[1]].max())
self.q_values[start_bot_rc[0], start_bot_rc[1], action_idx] = qv
if self.viz:
self.update_viz(start_bot_rc[0], start_bot_rc[1])
if np.random.rand() < self.reset_prob:
# print('-----> Randomly resetting to a random spawn point with probability', self.reset_prob)
self.reset()
def highlight_loc(self, viz_in, i, j):
starty = i * (self.patch_side + self.grid_thickness)
endy = starty + self.patch_side
startx = j * (self.patch_side + self.grid_thickness)
endx = startx + self.patch_side
viz = viz_in.copy()
cv2.rectangle(viz, (startx, starty), (endx, endy), (255, 255, 255), thickness=self.grid_thickness)
return viz
def update_viz(self, i, j):
starty = i * (self.patch_side + self.grid_thickness)
endy = starty + self.patch_side
startx = j * (self.patch_side + self.grid_thickness)
endx = startx + self.patch_side
patch = np.zeros([self.patch_side, self.patch_side, 3]).astype(np.uint8)
if self.world[i, j] == self.default_reward:
patch[:, :, :] = self.path_color
elif self.world[i, j] == self.wall_penalty:
patch[:, :, :] = self.wall_color
elif self.world[i, j] == self.win_reward:
patch[:, :, :] = self.win_color
elif self.world[i, j] == self.lose_reward:
patch[:, :, :] = self.lose_color
if self.world[i, j] == self.default_reward:
action_probs = self.qvals2probs(self.q_values[i, j])
x_component = action_probs[2] - action_probs[1]
y_component = action_probs[0] - action_probs[3]
magnitude = 1. - action_probs[-1]
s = self.patch_side // 2
x_patch = int(s * x_component)
y_patch = int(s * y_component)
arrow_canvas = np.zeros_like(patch)
vx = s + x_patch
vy = s - y_patch
cv2.arrowedLine(arrow_canvas, (s, s), (vx, vy), (255, 255, 255), thickness=self.arrow_thickness,
tipLength=0.5)
gridbox = (magnitude * arrow_canvas + (1 - magnitude) * patch).astype(np.uint8)
self.viz_canvas[starty:endy, startx:endx] = gridbox
else:
self.viz_canvas[starty:endy, startx:endx] = patch
def init_grid_canvas(self):
org_h, org_w = self.world_height, self.world_width
viz_w = (self.patch_side * org_w) + (self.grid_thickness * (org_w - 1))
viz_h = (self.patch_side * org_h) + (self.grid_thickness * (org_h - 1))
self.viz_canvas = np.zeros([viz_h, viz_w, 3]).astype(np.uint8)
for i in range(org_h):
for j in range(org_w):
self.update_viz(i, j)
def solve(self):
if not self.viz:
while True:
self.action()
else:
self.clip.write_videofile(self.video_out_fpath, fps=460)
def gen_world_config(h, w, wall_frac=.5, num_wins=2, num_lose=3):
n = h * w
num_wall_blocks = int(wall_frac * n)
wall_locs = (np.random.rand(num_wall_blocks, 2) * [h, w]).astype(np.int)
win_locs = (np.random.rand(num_wins, 2) * [h, w]).astype(np.int)
lose_locs = (np.random.rand(num_lose, 2) * [h, w]).astype(np.int)
return wall_locs, win_locs, lose_locs
if __name__ == '__main__':
wall_locs, win_locs, lose_locs = gen_world_config(WORLD_HEIGHT, WORLD_WIDTH, WALL_FRAC, NUM_WINS, NUM_LOSE)
g = GridWorld(world_height=WORLD_HEIGHT, world_width=WORLD_WIDTH,
wall_locs=wall_locs, win_locs=win_locs, lose_locs=lose_locs, viz=True)
g.solve()
k = 0
Javascript Tetris – A Simple Implementation
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang='en'>
<head>
<meta charset='UTF-8'>
<style>
canvas {
position: absolute;
top: 45%;
left: 50%;
width: 640px;
height: 640px;
margin: -320px 0 0 -320px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<canvas></canvas>
<script>
'use strict';
var canvas = document.querySelector('canvas');
canvas.width = 640;
canvas.height = 640;
var g = canvas.getContext('2d');
var right = { x: 1, y: 0 };
var down = { x: 0, y: 1 };
var left = { x: -1, y: 0 };
var EMPTY = -1;
var BORDER = -2;
var fallingShape;
var nextShape;
var dim = 640;
var nRows = 18;
var nCols = 12;
var blockSize = 30;
var topMargin = 50;
var leftMargin = 20;
var scoreX = 400;
var scoreY = 330;
var titleX = 130;
var titleY = 160;
var clickX = 120;
var clickY = 400;
var previewCenterX = 467;
var previewCenterY = 97;
var mainFont = 'bold 48px monospace';
var smallFont = 'bold 18px monospace';
var colors = ['green', 'red', 'blue', 'purple', 'orange', 'blueviolet', 'magenta'];
var gridRect = { x: 46, y: 47, w: 308, h: 517 };
var previewRect = { x: 387, y: 47, w: 200, h: 200 };
var titleRect = { x: 100, y: 95, w: 252, h: 100 };
var clickRect = { x: 50, y: 375, w: 252, h: 40 };
var outerRect = { x: 5, y: 5, w: 630, h: 630 };
var squareBorder = 'white';
var titlebgColor = 'white';
var textColor = 'black';
var bgColor = '#DDEEFF';
var gridColor = '#BECFEA';
var gridBorderColor = '#7788AA';
var largeStroke = 5;
var smallStroke = 2;
// position of falling shape
var fallingShapeRow;
var fallingShapeCol;
var keyDown = false;
var fastDown = false;
var grid = [];
var scoreboard = new Scoreboard();
addEventListener('keydown', function (event) {
if (!keyDown) {
keyDown = true;
if (scoreboard.isGameOver())
return;
switch (event.key) {
case 'w':
case 'ArrowUp':
if (canRotate(fallingShape))
rotate(fallingShape);
break;
case 'a':
case 'ArrowLeft':
if (canMove(fallingShape, left))
move(left);
break;
case 'd':
case 'ArrowRight':
if (canMove(fallingShape, right))
move(right);
break;
case 's':
case 'ArrowDown':
if (!fastDown) {
fastDown = true;
while (canMove(fallingShape, down)) {
move(down);
draw();
}
shapeHasLanded();
}
}
draw();
}
});
addEventListener('click', function () {
startNewGame();
});
addEventListener('keyup', function () {
keyDown = false;
fastDown = false;
});
function canRotate(s) {
if (s === Shapes.Square)
return false;
var pos = new Array(4);
for (var i = 0; i < pos.length; i++) {
pos[i] = s.pos[i].slice();
}
pos.forEach(function (row) {
var tmp = row[0];
row[0] = row[1];
row[1] = -tmp;
});
return pos.every(function (p) {
var newCol = fallingShapeCol + p[0];
var newRow = fallingShapeRow + p[1];
return grid[newRow][newCol] === EMPTY;
});
}
function rotate(s) {
if (s === Shapes.Square)
return;
s.pos.forEach(function (row) {
var tmp = row[0];
row[0] = row[1];
row[1] = -tmp;
});
}
function move(dir) {
fallingShapeRow += dir.y;
fallingShapeCol += dir.x;
}
function canMove(s, dir) {
return s.pos.every(function (p) {
var newCol = fallingShapeCol + dir.x + p[0];
var newRow = fallingShapeRow + dir.y + p[1];
return grid[newRow][newCol] === EMPTY;
});
}
function shapeHasLanded() {
addShape(fallingShape);
if (fallingShapeRow < 2) {
scoreboard.setGameOver();
scoreboard.setTopscore();
} else {
scoreboard.addLines(removeLines());
}
selectShape();
}
function removeLines() {
var count = 0;
for (var r = 0; r < nRows - 1; r++) {
for (var c = 1; c < nCols - 1; c++) {
if (grid[r] === EMPTY)
break;
if (c === nCols - 2) {
count++;
removeLine(r);
}
}
}
return count;
}
function removeLine(line) {
for (var c = 0; c < nCols; c++)
grid[line] = EMPTY;
for (var c = 0; c < nCols; c++) {
for (var r = line; r > 0; r--)
grid[r] = grid[r - 1];
}
}
function addShape(s) {
s.pos.forEach(function (p) {
grid[fallingShapeRow + p[1]][fallingShapeCol + p[0]] = s.ordinal;
});
}
function Shape(shape, o) {
this.shape = shape;
this.pos = this.reset();
this.ordinal = o;
}
var Shapes = {
ZShape: [[0, -1], [0, 0], [-1, 0], [-1, 1]],
SShape: [[0, -1], [0, 0], [1, 0], [1, 1]],
IShape: [[0, -1], [0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2]],
TShape: [[-1, 0], [0, 0], [1, 0], [0, 1]],
Square: [[0, 0], [1, 0], [0, 1], [1, 1]],
LShape: [[-1, -1], [0, -1], [0, 0], [0, 1]],
JShape: [[1, -1], [0, -1], [0, 0], [0, 1]]
};
function getRandomShape() {
var keys = Object.keys(Shapes);
var ord = Math.floor(Math.random() * keys.length);
var shape = Shapes[keys[ord]];
return new Shape(shape, ord);
}
Shape.prototype.reset = function () {
this.pos = new Array(4);
for (var i = 0; i < this.pos.length; i++) {
this.pos[i] = this.shape[i].slice();
}
return this.pos;
}
function selectShape() {
fallingShapeRow = 1;
fallingShapeCol = 5;
fallingShape = nextShape;
nextShape = getRandomShape();
if (fallingShape != null) {
fallingShape.reset();
}
}
function Scoreboard() {
this.MAXLEVEL = 9;
var level = 0;
var lines = 0;
var score = 0;
var topscore = 0;
var gameOver = true;
this.reset = function () {
this.setTopscore();
level = lines = score = 0;
gameOver = false;
}
this.setGameOver = function () {
gameOver = true;
}
this.isGameOver = function () {
return gameOver;
}
this.setTopscore = function () {
if (score > topscore) {
topscore = score;
}
}
this.getTopscore = function () {
return topscore;
}
this.getSpeed = function () {
switch (level) {
case 0: return 700;
case 1: return 600;
case 2: return 500;
case 3: return 400;
case 4: return 350;
case 5: return 300;
case 6: return 250;
case 7: return 200;
case 8: return 150;
case 9: return 100;
default: return 100;
}
}
this.addScore = function (sc) {
score += sc;
}
this.addLines = function (line) {
switch (line) {
case 1:
this.addScore(10);
break;
case 2:
this.addScore(20);
break;
case 3:
this.addScore(30);
break;
case 4:
this.addScore(40);
break;
default:
return;
}
lines += line;
if (lines > 10) {
this.addLevel();
}
}
this.addLevel = function () {
lines %= 10;
if (level < this.MAXLEVEL) {
level++;
}
}
this.getLevel = function () {
return level;
}
this.getLines = function () {
return lines;
}
this.getScore = function () {
return score;
}
}
function draw() {
g.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
drawUI();
if (scoreboard.isGameOver()) {
drawStartScreen();
} else {
drawFallingShape();
}
}
function drawStartScreen() {
g.font = mainFont;
fillRect(titleRect, titlebgColor);
fillRect(clickRect, titlebgColor);
g.fillStyle = textColor;
g.fillText('Tetris', titleX, titleY);
g.font = smallFont;
g.fillText('click to start', clickX, clickY);
}
function fillRect(r, color) {
g.fillStyle = color;
g.fillRect(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h);
}
function drawRect(r, color) {
g.strokeStyle = color;
g.strokeRect(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h);
}
function drawSquare(colorIndex, r, c) {
var bs = blockSize;
g.fillStyle = colors[colorIndex];
g.fillRect(leftMargin + c * bs, topMargin + r * bs, bs, bs);
g.lineWidth = smallStroke;
g.strokeStyle = squareBorder;
g.strokeRect(leftMargin + c * bs, topMargin + r * bs, bs, bs);
}
function drawUI() {
// background
fillRect(outerRect, bgColor);
fillRect(gridRect, gridColor);
// the blocks dropped in the grid
for (var r = 0; r < nRows; r++) {
for (var c = 0; c < nCols; c++) {
var idx = grid[r];
if (idx > EMPTY)
drawSquare(idx, r, c);
}
}
// the borders of grid and preview panel
g.lineWidth = largeStroke;
drawRect(gridRect, gridBorderColor);
drawRect(previewRect, gridBorderColor);
drawRect(outerRect, gridBorderColor);
// scoreboard
g.fillStyle = textColor;
g.font = smallFont;
g.fillText('hiscore ' + scoreboard.getTopscore(), scoreX, scoreY);
g.fillText('level ' + scoreboard.getLevel(), scoreX, scoreY + 30);
g.fillText('lines ' + scoreboard.getLines(), scoreX, scoreY + 60);
g.fillText('score ' + scoreboard.getScore(), scoreX, scoreY + 90);
// preview
var minX = 5, minY = 5, maxX = 0, maxY = 0;
nextShape.pos.forEach(function (p) {
minX = Math.min(minX, p[0]);
minY = Math.min(minY, p[1]);
maxX = Math.max(maxX, p[0]);
maxY = Math.max(maxY, p[1]);
});
var cx = previewCenterX - ((minX + maxX + 1) / 2.0 * blockSize);
var cy = previewCenterY - ((minY + maxY + 1) / 2.0 * blockSize);
g.translate(cx, cy);
nextShape.shape.forEach(function (p) {
drawSquare(nextShape.ordinal, p[1], p[0]);
});
g.translate(-cx, -cy);
}
function drawFallingShape() {
var idx = fallingShape.ordinal;
fallingShape.pos.forEach(function (p) {
drawSquare(idx, fallingShapeRow + p[1], fallingShapeCol + p[0]);
});
}
function animate(lastFrameTime) {
var requestId = requestAnimationFrame(function () {
animate(lastFrameTime);
});
var time = new Date().getTime();
var delay = scoreboard.getSpeed();
if (lastFrameTime + delay < time) {
if (!scoreboard.isGameOver()) {
if (canMove(fallingShape, down)) {
move(down);
} else {
shapeHasLanded();
}
draw();
lastFrameTime = time;
} else {
cancelAnimationFrame(requestId);
}
}
}
function startNewGame() {
initGrid();
selectShape();
scoreboard.reset();
animate(-1);
}
function initGrid() {
function fill(arr, value) {
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
arr[i] = value;
}
}
for (var r = 0; r < nRows; r++) {
grid[r] = new Array(nCols);
fill(grid[r], EMPTY);
for (var c = 0; c < nCols; c++) {
if (c === 0 || c === nCols - 1 || r === nRows - 1)
grid[r] = BORDER;
}
}
}
function init() {
initGrid();
selectShape();
draw();
}
init();
</script>
</body>
</html>
Calculating the nth Digit of Pi
Blob Game with Collision Detection
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
body {background-color: Plum;}
canvas{ border: 2px solid black;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<img id="link1" src="link1 (2).png" alt="Link1" style="display:none">
<img id="link2" src="link2 (2).png" alt="Link2" style="display:none">
<img id="grass1" src="grass1.png" alt="Link2" style="display:none">
<img id="grass2" src="grass2.png" alt="Link2" style="display:none">
<img id="grass3" src="grass3.png" alt="Link2" style="display:none">
<img id="grass4" src="grass4.png" alt="Link2" style="display:none">
<img id="rock1" src="rock1.png" alt="Link2" style="display:none">
<canvas id = "game"></canvas>
<script>
var Key = {
_pressed: {},
LEFT: 37,
UP: 38,
RIGHT: 39,
DOWN: 40,
isDown: function(keyCode){
return this._pressed[keyCode];
},
onKeydown: function(event) {
this._pressed[event.keyCode] = true;
},
onKeyup: function(event) {
delete this._pressed[event.keyCode];
}
};
window.addEventListener('keyup', function(event) {Key.onKeyup(event); }, false);
window.addEventListener('keydown', function(event) {Key.onKeydown(event); }, false);
var OBSTACLES = [
[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
];
var canvas = document.getElementById('game');
canvas.width = 1400; //window.innerWidth;
canvas.height =900; //window.innerHeight;
var grid = 100;
var player_width = document.getElementById("link1").width;
var player_height = document.getElementById("link1").height;
//var player_width = document.getElementById("rock1").width;
//var player_height = document.getElementById("rock1").height;
console.log(player_width, player_height);
function isCollidedOb(x,y,width,height,obarray){
upperleft = [[Math.floor(y/grid)],[Math.floor(x/grid)]];
lowerleft = [[Math.floor((y+height)/grid)],[Math.floor((x)/grid)]];
upperright = [[Math.floor((y)/grid)],[Math.floor((x+width)/grid)]];
lowerright = [[Math.floor((y+height)/grid)],[Math.floor((x+width)/grid)]];
console.log(upperleft[0],lowerleft,upperright[0],lowerright);
if(obarray[upperleft[0]][upperleft[1]] || obarray[lowerleft[0]][lowerleft[1]] || obarray[upperright[0]][upperright[1]] || obarray[lowerright[0]][lowerright[1]]){
return true;
}
return false;
}
function drawObs(obarray,grid){
for (let i = 0; i < obarray.length; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < obarray[i].length; j++) {
if (obarray[i][j]){
ctx.drawImage(rock1,j*grid,i*grid);
}
}
}
}
var x = 50;
var y = 50;
var toggle = 1;
var grass1 = document.getElementById("grass1");
var rock1 = document.getElementById("rock1");
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
var goalX = Math.random() * window.innerWidth;
var goalY = Math.random() * window.innerHeight;
var playerSize = 50;
var goalSize = 15;
var speed = 3;
function draw() {
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
ctx.fillStyle = "rgb(24, 255, 0)";
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
drawObs(OBSTACLES,grid);
ctx.drawImage(grass1, 200, 200);
//MOVE UP
if(Key.isDown(Key.UP)){
toggle += 1;
if(y < 0){
y= canvas.height-player_height;
}
if(!isCollidedOb(x,Math.abs(y-speed),player_width,player_height,OBSTACLES)){
y-=speed;
}
}
//MOVE DOWN
if(Key.isDown(Key.DOWN)){
toggle += 1;
if(y > canvas.height){
y= y%canvas.height;
}
if(!isCollidedOb(x,y+speed,player_width,player_height,OBSTACLES)){
y+=speed;
}
}
//MOVE LEFT
if(Key.isDown(Key.LEFT)){
toggle += 1;
if(x < 0){
x = canvas.width-player_width;
}
if(!isCollidedOb(x-speed,y,player_width,player_height,OBSTACLES)){
x-=speed;
}
}
//MOVE RIGHT
if(Key.isDown(Key.RIGHT)){
toggle += 1;
if(x > canvas.width){
x= x%canvas.width;
}
if(!isCollidedOb(x+speed,y,player_width,player_height,OBSTACLES)){
x+=speed;
}
}
if ((Math.abs(x-goalX))**2 + (Math.abs(y-goalY))**2 < (playerSize+goalSize)**2){
//playerSize += 5;
goalX = Math.random() * canvas.width;
goalY = Math.random() * canvas.height;
}
//var character = new Path2D();
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//var character = new Image();
//toggle += 1;
toggle %= 100;
if(toggle > 50){
var character = document.getElementById("link1");
//character.src = document.getElementById("link1");
} else {
//character.src = document.getElementById("link2");}
var character = document.getElementById("link2");}
//character.addEventListener('load', function() {
// execute drawImage statements here
ctx.drawImage(character, x, y);
var goal = new Path2D();
goal.arc(goalX, goalY, goalSize, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
ctx.fillStyle = "#FF0000"
//ctx.fill(character);
ctx.fill(goal)
}
setInterval(draw, 10);
</script>
</body>
</html>
Arithmetic and Geometric Series/Sequence Formulas
rev
Setting Up Your Own GitHub and GitHub Page
The first thing we will be dong today is setting up individual GitHub Accounts. GitHub is the world’s biggest repository website. A repository is a place where coding projects are stored and updated, allowing many people to collaborate on a large coding project.
Please go to github.com and click “Sign Up” in the upper right corner.
As your username please DO NOT use your real name.
Also, please keep in mind that your username will became the address of your website, so do not make it too long.
Next enter your IDEAL email address and a new password that is not the one you use for your IDEAL email. If you generally forget passwords, write this down on a piece of paper.
Next you will need to solve a small puzzle to “Verify your account” and prove that you are a person registering the account, not a bot.
On the next page, feel free to answer a reason that you are using Github. Your answers on this page can be whatever you choose.
When you see this page:
You will need to go to your IDEAL email and look for an email from Github.
When you find it, please click “Verify email address”
You will be taken to this page:
Please click “Create a repository”
The Repository name should MATCH YOUR GITHUB USERNAME EXACTLY, INCLUDING CAPITALIZATION WITH .GITHUB.IO. For example, if your username is Username123, your repository should be Username123.github.io This tells GitHub that you will be using this specific project for a website on GitHub Pages. It should say “You found a secret!” when you enter the right name for the repository. Also please make the repository Public.
On the next page, please click “Create new file” to start your project:
Name your file “index.html” and try the code example below:
Scroll to the bottom and click “Commit new file” to save your changes:
Now you can visit your very own website at www.USERNAME.github.io.
You can see my example at www.idealpoly.github.io
Pathfinding in Scratch
